王向东,金玉玕

• 1:中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所!江苏南京210008
• 2:中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所!江苏南京210008

摘要(Abstract)：

国际石炭系分会尝试性地将石炭系分成两部分 ,下石炭亚系或 Mississipian及上石炭亚系或 Pennsylvani-an,前者包括 3个统 :Tournaisian,Visean,Serpukhovian;后者包括 4个统 :Bashkirian,Moscovian,Kasimovian以及Gzhelian。由于全球对比的需要 ,西欧和北美的统级年代单位作为辅助性序列也被置于综合年代地层表中。石炭系底界、中间界线及顶界的 GSSP已经分别确立在法国的 L aserre剖面 ,美国的 Arrow Canyon剖面 ,哈萨克斯坦的Aidaralash Creek剖面。据西欧及澳大利亚的同位素年龄数据 ,石炭纪的时间跨度为 5 3 Ma。中国的石炭系划分成丰宁亚系和壶天亚系 ,前者包括岩关统和大塘统以及汤粑沟阶 ,旧司阶 ,上司阶和德坞阶 ;后者包括威宁统和马平统以及罗苏阶 ,滑石板阶 ,达拉阶和小独山阶。

关键词(KeyWords)： 石炭纪;年代地层;统;阶;界线;界线层型剖面和层型点;中国

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金!( No.496 0 2 0 2 1)研究成果

作者(Author): 王向东,金玉玕

参考文献(References)：

• Palmer A R,Gelssman J,1999. 1999Geologic time scale.The Geological Society of America.1
• 杨式溥 ,196 2 .贵州下石炭纪之腕足类分层 .见 :中国古生物学会第二届代表大会暨第十届学术年会论文摘要 . 3 8-3 9.
• 金晓华 ,翟自强 ,李先机 ,刘朝安 ,196 2 .贵州石炭系下统和中统的划分问题 .见 :中国地质学会 196 2年年会学术论文汇编 ,2册 :3-5 .
• 巩福生 ,196 5 .贵州西部中石炭世地层及类化石分带 .见 :贵州古生代地层及古生物 .北京地质学院地层古生物专业研究生论文摘要 .
• 丁文江 ,193 1.丰宁系之分层 .中国地质学会志 ,10 :3 1-4 8.
• 丁蕴杰 ,夏国英 ,许寿永 ,赵松银 ,李　莉 ,张毓秀 ,1992 .中国石炭-二叠系界线 .北京 :地质出版社 .1-170 .
• 小林贞一 ,195 6 .中国近年来研究的展望 .古生物学译报 ,1:5 3 -5 9.
• 中国科学院黔南地层队 ,195 9,贵州都匀 ,独山和三都一带古生代地层 .北京 :科学出版社 .7-72 .
• 王志浩 ,1991.中国石炭 -二叠系界线地层的牙形刺 -兼论石炭 -二叠系界线 .古生物学报 ,3 0 ( 1) :6 -4 1.
• 王鸿祯 ,195 6 .地史学教程 .北京 :地质出版社 .1-3 96 .
• 王增吉等 ,1990 ,中国的石炭系　中国地层 8.北京 :地质出版社 .1-4 19.
• 田奇 ,王晓青 ,193 2 .湖南湘乡梓门煤田地质之研究 .湖南地质调查所报报 ,13号 :6 -2 7.
• 芮　琳 ,王志浩 ,张遴信 ,1987.罗苏阶 -上石炭统底部一个新的年代地层单位 .地层学杂志 ,11( 2 ) :10 3 -115 .
• 吴祥和 ,1987.贵州石炭纪生物地层 .地质学报 ,6 1( 4) :2 85 -2 95 .
• 吴望始 ,张遴信 ,金玉 ,1974.贵州西部的石炭系 .中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所集刊 ,第 6号 :72 -87.
• 杨敬之 ,吴望始 ,张遴信 ,王克良 ,陆麟黄 ,廖卓庭 ,王玉净 ,赵嘉明 ,夏凤生 ,1982 .关于中国石炭系的划分和对比 .见 :中国各纪地层对比表与说明书 .北京 :科学出版社 .12 4-13 6 .
• 杨敬之 ,吴望始 ,张遴信 ,廖卓庭 ,阮亦萍 ,1979.中国石炭系划分的新方案 .地层学杂志 ,3 ( 3 ) :188-192 .
• 杨敬之 ,盛金章 ,吴望始 ,陆麟黄 ,196 2 .中国的石炭系 .北京 :科学出版社 .1-113 .
• 张正华 ,王治华 ,李昌全 ,1988.黔南二叠纪地层 .贵阳 :贵州人民出版社 .1-113 .
• 季　强 ,1987.湖南江华早石炭世牙形刺及其地层意义——兼论岩关阶内部事件 .中国地质科学院地质研究所所刊 ,16 :115 -14 1.
• 季　强 ,魏家庸 ,王洪第 ,王　宁 ,罗小松 ,1988.贵州长顺睦化泥盆-石炭系界线层型研究的新进展——介绍大坡上泥盆 -石炭系界线剖面 .地质学报 ,6 2 ( 2 ) :97-110 .
• 林甲兴 ,李家骧 ,孙全英 ,1990 .华南地区晚古生代有孔虫 .北京 :科学出版社 .1-2 97.
• 周铁明 ,盛金章 ,王玉净 ,1987.云南广南小独山石炭 -二叠系界线地层及类分带 .微体古生物学报 ,4( 2 ) :12 3 -15 7.
• 侯鸿飞 ,王增吉 ,吴祥和 ,杨式溥 ,1982 .中国的石炭系 .见 :中国地层概论 .北京 :地质出版社 .187-2 18.
• 侯鸿飞 ,季　强 ,吴祥和 ,熊剑飞 ,王士清 ,高联正 ,盛怀斌 ,魏家庸 ,苏姗·特 .1985 .贵州睦化泥盆 -石炭系界线 .北京 :地质出版社 .1-2 2 6 .
• 俞建章 ,193 1.丰宁系 (中国下石炭纪地层 )之时代及其珊瑚化石分带 .中国地质学会会志 ,10 ( 1) :1-3 0 .
• 葛利普 ,A W,193 4.贵州下二叠纪之腕足类瓣鳃类及腹足类化石 .中国古生物志乙种第 8号第 3册 :1-2 14 .廖卓庭 ,1999.中国与西欧石炭系的对比 .地层学杂志 ,2 3 ( 1) :1-9.
• 熊剑飞 ,翟志强 ,1985 .贵州黑区 (望谟如牙—罗甸纳水 )石炭系 (牙形类 ,类 )生物地层研究 .贵州地质 ,3 ( 5 ) :2 6 9-2 87.
• Brenckle P L,1973 .Smaller Mississippian and Lower Pennsylvani-an calcareous foraminifers from Nevada. Cushman Foundationfor Foraminiferal Research.Special Publication,11:1-82 .
• Brenckle P L,Baesemann JF,L ane HR,West R R,Webster G D,L angenheim R L ,Brand U,Richards B C,1997. Symposiumon stratigraphy of the Mid-Carboniferous boundary interval.Proceedings of the XIIIInternational Congress on the Carbonif-erous and Perm ian,Prace Panstwowego Instytutu Geolog-icznego CL VII:14 9-16 2 .
• Claoue-Long JC,Jones P J,Roberts J,Maxwell S,1992 .The nu-merical age of the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary. Geologi-cal Magazine,12 9:2 81-2 91.
• Claoue-Long J C,Compston W,Roberts J,F anning C M,1995 .Two Carboniferous ages:a comparison of Shrimp zircon datingwith conventional zircon ages and40 Ar/ 3 9Ar analysis. In:Berggren W A,Kent D V,Aubry M P,Hardenbol J,eds.Geochronology,tim e scales and global stratigraphic correla-tion.SEPM Special Publication,5 4:3 -2 1.
• Cowie JW,Bassett M G,1989. 1989Global stratigraphic chart.International Union of Geological Sciences,Episodes 12 ( 2 ) :supplement1.Davydov V I,1999. Still contradictions:Moscovian -Kasim ovianboundary problems.Newsletter on Carboniferous Stratigraphy,17:18-2 2 .
• Davydov V I,Glenister B F ,Spinosa C,Ritter S M,Chernykh VV,Wardlaw B R,Snyder W S,1995 . Proposal of Aidaralashas GSSP for the base of the Permian System.Permophiles,2 6 :1-9.
• Grabau A W,192 4.Stratigraphy of China,Pt.I.Peking:Geologi-cal Survey of China.2 0 1-5 2 8.
• Grigoreva A D,Shchegolev A K,Alexeeva I A,Shcherbakova,1996 .Upper Carboniferous( Kasimovian and Gzhelian) .In:Wagner R H,Winkler Prins C F,Granados L F,eds.The Car-boniferous of the World III. L eiden:Madrid and NationaalNaturhistorisch Museum.98-12 2 .
• Hance L,1997.Eoparastaffella,its evolutionary pattern and bios-tratigraphic potential.Newsletter on Carboniferous Stratigra-phy,15 :40 -4 1.
• Hance L,Brenckle P L,Coen M,Hou H F,L iao Z T,Muchez P,Paproth E,Peryt T,Riley N J,Roberts J,Wu X H,1997.Report on a field meeting of the Tournaisian-Visean workinggroup in Guangxi,South China,November1996 .Newsletteron Carboniferous Stratigraphy,15 :4-5 .
• Hance L ,Hou H F,Muchez P,Coen M,Groessens E,Wu X H,Xu S Y,1996 .Field meeting on the Tournaisian-Visean transi-tion in South China. IUGS Subcommission on CarboniferousStratigraphy,Working group on the Tournaisian-Visean boun-dary,Guidebook. 1-5 1.Harland W B,Arm strong R L ,Cox A V,Craig L E,Smith A G,Smith D G,1989.A geologic tim e scale.Cambridge:Cam-bridge University Press.1-2 6 3 .
• Harland W B,Cox A V,L lewellyn P G,Pickton C A G,Smith AG,Walters R,1982 .A geologic time scale.Cambridge:Cam-bridge University Press. 1-13 1.
• Heckel P H,Villa E,1999. Proposals toward a consensus on a sci-entifically reasonable and internationally acceptable classifica-tion and nomenclature for the Carboniferous System. Newslet-ter on Carboniferous Stratigraphy,17:8-11.
• Hess JC,L ippolt H J,1986 .40 Ar/ 3 9Ar ages of tonstein and tuffsanidines:new calibration points for the improvem ent of theUpper Carboniferous time scale. Chemical Geology ( IsotopeGeoscience Section) ,5 9:14 3 -15 4.
• Irving E,196 6 .Paleomagetism of som e Carboniferous rocks fromNew South Wales and its relation to geological events. Journalof Geophysical Research,71:6 0 2 5 -6 0 5 1.
• Kagarmanov A Kh,Kossovaya O L,1997.Russian Commission forthe Carboniferous system:information on resolutions of theCommission for the Carboniferous System. Newsletter on Car-boniferous Stratigraphy,15 :3 5 -3 6 .
• L ane H R,Brenckle P L ,Baesemann JF,Richards B C,1999.TheIUGS boundary in the m iddle of the Carboniferous:ArrowCanyon,Nevada,USA.Ep isodes,2 2 ( 4) :2 72 -2 83 .
• L i Xing-xue,Shen Guan-long,Wu Xiu-yuan,Tong Zai-san,1987.A proposed boundary stratotype in Jingyuan,eastern Gansu forthe Upper and L ower Carboniferous of China. In:WangCheng-yuan,ed.Carboniferous boundary in China.Beijing:Sci-ence Press.6 9-88.
• Menning M,Weyer D,Drozdzewski G,Amerom H W Jvan,1997.Carboniferous time scales revised 1997time scale A ( min.ages) and time scale B( Max.ages) use of geological tim e indi-cators. Newsletter on Carboniferous Stratigraphy,15 :2 6 -2 8.
• Metcalfe I,1997. Revision of the Carboniferous part of the IUGSglobal stratigraphic chart.Newsletter on Carboniferous Stratig-raphy,15 :12 -18.
• Opdyke N D,1995 .Magnetostratigraphy of Permo-Carboniferoustime.In:Berggren W A,Kent D V,Aubry M P,Hardenbol J,eds.Geochronology,time scales and global stratigraphic correlation.SEPM Special Publication,5 4:41-4 7.
• Riley N J,Claoue-Long J,Higgins A C,Owens B,Spears A,Tay-lor L ,Varker W J,1993 .Geochronometry and geochemistry ofthe European mid-Carboniferous boundary global stratotypeproposal,Stonehead Beck,North Yorkshire,UK.Annales dela Societe Geologique de Belgique,116 ( 2 ) :2 75 -2 89.
• Roberts J,Claoue-L ong J,Jones P,1993 .Shrimp zircon dating andAustralian Carboniferous time. Comptes Rendus XII ICCP,Buenos Aires,Volume2 :3 19-3 3 8.
• Rui L in,Zhang L in-xin,1990 .Chronostratigraphic subdivision ofthe Upper Carboniferous of South China.Courier Forschung-sinstitut Senckenberg,13 0 :3 3 9-3 44.
• Villa E,1997.Searching for a level of correlation within the UpperCarboniferous.Newsletter on Carboniferous Stratigraphy,15 :5 -6 .
• Villa E,Ueno K,1999.Report of working group to define a GSSPclose to the Moscovian/Kasimovian boundary.Newsletter onCarboniferous Stratigraphy,17:5 -6 .
• Wang Zhi-hao,1990 .Conodont zonation of the Lower Carbonifer-ous in South China and phylogeny of som e im portant species.Courier Forschungsintitut Senckenberg,13 0 :41-4 6 .
• Wang Zhi-hao,Lane H R,Manger W L ,1987.Conodont sequenceacross the Mid-Carboniferous boundary in China and its correla-tion with England and North Am erica.In:Wang Cheng-yuan,ed.Carboniferous boundary in China.Beijing.Science Press.89-10 6 .
• Wang Zhi-hao,Rui Lin,1987.Conodont sequence across the Car-boniferous-Permian boundary in China with comments on theCarboniferous-Permian boundary.In:Wang Cheng-yuan,ed.Carboniferous boundary in China.Beijing:Science Press.15 1-16 2 .
• Wilmarth M G,192 5 .The geologic time classification of the UnitedStates Geological Survey compared with other classifications ac-companied by the original definitions of era,period and epochterms—— a compilation.Bulletin of U.S.Geological Survey,76 9:1-13 8.
• Xu Shan-hong,Yin Bao-an,Huang Zhan-xing,1987. Mid-Car-boniferous conodont zones and Mid-Carboniferous boundary ofNandan,Guangxi.In:Wang Cheng-yuan,ed.Carboniferousboundary in China,Beijing:Science Press.12 2 -13 1.
• Yu Chang-min,ed. 1988. Devonian-Carboniferous boundary inNanbiancun,Guilin,China—— Aspects and records.Beijing:Science Press.1-3 79.
• Zhang Lin-xin ed.,1987.Carboniferous stratigraphy in China.Bei-jing:Science Press.1-16 0 .
• Zhang Zu-qi,1988.The Carboniferous System in China.N ewsletteron Stratigrap hy.18( 2 ) :5 1-73 .