浙西赣东北奥陶纪晚达瑞威尔期—早桑比期笔石序列新见NEW ADVANCE IN THE LATE DARRIWILLIAN TO EARLY SANDBIAN GRAPTOLITE BIOSTRATIGRAPHY OF WESTERN ZHEJIANG AND NORTHEASTERN JIANGXI PROVINCES, SE CHINA
宋妍妍,张元动,张举
摘要(Abstract)：
浙西—赣东北地区的奥陶纪特马豆克期到桑比期笔石序列连续,多数笔石标本保存完好,部分甚至以黄铁矿化的立体形式保存。但是,由于地层出露较差或火山岩脉侵入等原因,该地区晚达瑞威尔期—早桑比期的笔石带尚存一些问题,需加以厘定。在新发现和挖掘的浙江江山横渡剖面和桐庐刘家剖面奥陶纪地层发育完整、出露良好,自下到上包括印渚埠组顶部、宁国组、胡乐组和砚瓦山组。经初步研究,胡乐组上部地层自下而上可划分为Nichosonograptus fasciculatus带、Pterograptus elegans带、"Hustedograptus teretiusculus带"(上部含Dicellograptus亚带)和Nemagraptus gracilis带。横渡剖面胡乐组上部产有丰富的Dicellograptus(叉笔石),在深入研究的基础上,对该属在全球各主要块体的首现层位和共生属种进行了分析,从而对叉笔石的起源和早期演化进行了初步探讨。
关键词(KeyWords)： 生物地层;笔石序列;叉笔石起源;达瑞威尔期;桑比期;奥陶纪;浙西;赣东北
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金(No.41172034)资助
作者(Author): 宋妍妍,张元动,张举
DOI: 10.19839/j.cnki.dcxzz.2013.02.003
参考文献(References)：
- 陈旭,韩乃仁.1964.江西玉山早奥陶世笔石地层.地质论评,22(2):81-90
- 葛梅钰.1962.浙江龙游奥陶纪笔石地层.地质学报,42(3):307-316
- 葛梅钰,郑昭昌,李玉珍.1990.宁夏及其邻近地区奥陶纪、志留纪笔石地层及笔石群.南京:南京大学出版社.1-78
- 韩乃仁.1966.浙江江山含笔石地层的发现.地质学报,46(2):162
- 李积金.1983.皖南奥陶系的分带、对比及一些重要笔石的记述.中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所丛刊,6:133-158
- 李积金,肖承协,陈洪冶.2000.江西崇义早奥陶世宁国期典型太平洋笔石动物群.中国古生物志,总号第189号(新乙种第33号):1-188
- 穆恩之,李积金,葛梅钰,尹集祥.1962.祁连山的笔石.见:中国科学院地质古生物研究所,北京地质学院编著.祁连山地质志第四卷二分册(即祁连山古生物志,第二册).科学出版社.1-127
- 穆恩之,李积金,葛梅钰,林尧坤,倪寓南.2002.中国笔石.北京:科学出版社.1-1205
- 倪寓南.1991.江西武宁下奥陶统顶部和中奥陶统的笔石.中国古生物志,总号第181册(新乙种第28号):1-147
- 肖承协,陈洪冶,夏天亮,何群.1991.江西玉山古城一带早中奥陶世笔石地层.地层学杂志,15(2):81-99.
- 俞剑华,方一亭.1966.江西修水流域新厂期反称笔石科(Anisog-raptidae)化石.古生物学报,23(5),532-542
- 张元动,陈旭.2006.华南早—中奥陶世笔石动物的辐射演化.见:戎嘉余,方宗杰,周忠和等编.生物的起源、辐射与多样性演变——华夏化石记录的启示.北京:科学出版社.285-316
- 张元动,俞国华,罗璋.2010.浙江临安板桥奥陶系胡乐组笔石新材料及其意义.地层学杂志,34(1):1-7
- Albani R,Bagnoli G,Maletz J &Stouge S.2001.Integrated chiti-nozoan,conodont and graptolite biostratigraphy from the UpperCape Cormorant Formation(Middle Ordovician),WesternNewfoundland.Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences,38:387-409
- Bergstrm S M,Finney S C,Chen Xu &Wang Zhi-hao.1999.TheDawangou Section,Tarim Basin(Xinjiang Autonomous Re-gion),China:Potential as global stratotype for the base of theNemagraptus gracilis Biozone and the base of the global UpperOrdovician Series.Acta Universitatis Carolinae-Geologica,43(1/2):69-71
- Bergstrm S M,Finney S C,Chen Xu,Plsson C,Wang Zhi-Hao&Grahn Y.2000.A proposed global boundary stratotype forthe base of the Upper Series of the Ordovician System:TheFgelsng section,Scania,southern Sweden.Episodes,23:102-109
- Berry W B N.1960.Graptolite faunas of the Marathon region,West Texas.The University of Texas Publication,No.6005:1-179
- Berry W B N.1964.The Middle Ordovician of the Oslo Region,Norway.Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift,44(1):61-170
- Bulman O M B.1969.'Prothecal folds'and the origin of Dicellogra-ptus.In:Campbell K S W ed.Stratigraphy and palaeontology:essays in Honour of Dorothy Hill.Canberra:ANU Press.3-16
- Chen Xu,Zhang Yuan-dong &Mitchell C E.2001.Early Darriwil-ian graptolites from central and western China.Alcheringa,25:191-210
- Chen Xu,Zhang Yuan-dong,Bergstrm S M &Xu Hong-gen.2006.Upper Darriwilian graptolite and conodont zonation in theglobal stratotype section of the Darriwilian Stage(Ordovician)at Huangnitang,Changshan,Zhejian,China.Palaeoworld,15:150-170
- Chen Xu,Bergstrm S M,Zhang Yuan-dong,Goldman D &ChenQing.2010.Upper Ordovician(Sandbian-Katian)graptoliteand conodont zonation in the Yangtze region,China.Earth andEnvironmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Ed-inburgh,101(2):111-134
- Chen Xu,Goldman D,Leslie S A &Williams N A.2008.Ordovi-cian Dawangou section,Tarim Basin,western Xinjiang,Chinaand its implication for biogeography.Geological Society of A-merica Abstracts with Programs,40(5):85
- Chen Xu,Zhang Yuan-dong,Li Yue,Fan Juan-xuan,TangPeng,Chen Qing &Zhang Yuan-yuan.2012.Biostratigraph-ic correlation of the Ordovician black shales in Tarim Basin andits peripheral regions.Science China(Earth Sciences),55(8):1230-1237
- Finney S C.1984.Biogeography of Ordovician graptolites in thesouthern Appalachians.In:Bruton D L ed.Aspects of the Or-dovician System.Palaeontological Contributions from the Uni-versity of Oslo,295:167-176
- Finney S C.1985.Nemagraptid graptolites from the Middle Ordovi-cian Athens Shale,Alabama.Journal of Paleontology,59:1100-1137
- Finney S C,Grubb B,Robert D &Hatcher Jr.1996.Graphic cor-relation of Middle Ordovician shales,southern Appalachians:Rate of migration of Taconic foreland basin:Geological Societyof America Bulletin,108:355-371
- Finney S C,Bergstrm S M,Chen Xu &Wang Zhi-hao.1999.ThePingliang section,Gansu Province,China:Potential as globalstratotype for the base of the Nemagraptus gracilis Biozone andthe base of the global Upper Ordovician Series.Acta Universi-tatis Carolinae-Geologica,43(1/2):73-75
- Fortey R A,Harper A T,Ingham J K,Owen A W,Parkes M A,Rushton A W A &Woodcock N H.2000.A revised correlationof Ordovician rocks in the British Isles.Geological Society Spe-cial Report,24:1-83
- Hall J.1865.Graptolites of the Quebec Group Figures and Descrip-tions of Canadian Organic Remains.Montreal:Geological Sur-vey of Canada.1-151
- Hughes R A.1989.Llandeilo and Caradoc graptolites of the Builthand Shelve inliers.Monograph of the Palaeontographical Socie-ty,London,141(577):1-89
- Jaanusson V.1965.Two multiramous graptolites from the LowerDidymograptus shale of Scandinavia.Geologiska Freningens iStockholm Frhandlingar,86:413-432
- Maletz J.1995.The Middle Ordovician(Llanvirn)graptolite suc-cession of the Albjra core(Scania,Sweden)and its implicationfor a revised zonation.Zeitschrift für Geologische Wissen-schaften,23:249-259
- Maletz J.1997.Graptolites from the Nicholsonograptus fascicula-tus and Pterograptus elegans Zones(Abereiddian,Ordovician)of the Oslo region,Norway.Greifswalder GeowissenschaftlicheBeitraege,4:5—98
- Maletz J.1998.Undulograptus dicellograptoides n.sp.,an abnor-mal diplograptid from the Late Arenig of western Newfound-land,Canada.Palontologische Zeitschrift,72:111-116
- Maletz J,Egenhoff S,Bhme M,Asch R,Borowski K,Hntzsch S&Kirsch M.2007.The Elnes Formation of southern Norway:a key to late Middle Ordovician biostratigraphy and biogeogra-phy.Acta Palaeontologica Sinica,46(2):298-304
- Maletz J,Egenhoff S,Bhme M,Asch R,Borowski K,HntzschS,Kirsch M &Werner M.2011.A tale of both sides of Iape-tus:upper Darriwilian(Ordovician)graptolite faunal dynamicson the edges of two continents.Canada Journal Earth Science,48:841-859
- Maletz J &Mitchell C E.1995.Paraglossograptus tentaculatusZone graptolites from the Levis Formation(Quebec)and theCow Head Group(Western Newfoundland)and their bearing onthe biostratigraphy of the Early Darriwilian.Newsletter of theGraptolite Working Group of the International PalaeontologicalAssociation,8:46-48
- Mitchell C E,Goldman D,Klosterman S L,Maletz J,Sheets H D&Melchin M J.2007.Phylogeny of the Ordovician Diplograp-toidea.Acta Palaeontologica Sinica,46(2):332-339
- Rushton A W A.2001.The graptolite fauna of the Superstes Mud-stone Formation in the Ordovician of the Girvan Cover Se-quence.Scottish Journal of Geology,37:45-52
- VandenBerg A H M &Cooper R A.1992.The Ordovician grapto-lite sequence of Australasia.Alcheringa,16:33-85
- Zalasiewicz J A,Taylor L,Rushton A W A,Loydell D K,RickardsR B &Williams M.2009.Graptolites in British stratigraphy.Geological Magazine,146:785-850
- Zhang Yuan-Dong,Chen Xu,Yu Guo-Hua,Dan Goldman &LiuXiao.2007a.Ordovician and Silurian rocks of Northwest Zhe-jiang and Northeast Jiangxi Provinces,SE China.Hefei:Uni-versity of Science and Technology of China Press.1-189
- Zhang Yuan-dong,Chen Xu &Goldman D.2007b.Diversificationpatterns of Early and Mid Ordovician graptolites in South Chi-na.Geological Journal,42(3-4):315-337
- Zhang Yuan-dong,Song Yan-yan &Zhang Ju.2011.Late Darriwil-ian to early Sandbian graptolite biostratigraphy in western Zhe-jiang and eastern Jiangxi provinces,SE China.In:JCGutiérrez-Marco,I Rábano &D García-Bellido eds.Ordovicianof the World.Cuadernos del Museo Geominero,14.InstitutoGeológico y Minero de Espaa,Madrid 101:649-657